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This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Sierra Leone. There are 183 mammal species in Sierra Leone, of which 0 are critically endangered, 6 are endangered, 9 are vulnerable, and 4 are near-threatened.[1] The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the IUCN: EX Extinct No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. EW Extinct in the wild Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range. CR Critically Endangered The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild. EN Endangered The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. VU Vulnerable The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. NT Near Threatened The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future. LC Least Concern There are no current identifiable risks to the species. DD Data Deficient There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species. Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of Near Threatened and Least Concern categories: LR/cd Lower Risk/conservation dependent Species which were the focus of conservation programmes and may have moved into a higher risk category if that programme was discontinued. LR/nt Lower Risk/near threatened Species which are close to being classified as Vulnerable but are not the subject of conservation programmes. LR/lc Lower Risk/least concern Species for which there are no identifiable risks. Contents 1 Subclass: Theria 1.1 Infraclass: Eutheria 1.1.1 Order: Tubulidentata (aardvarks) 1.1.2 Order: Hyracoidea (hyraxes) 1.1.3 Order: Proboscidea (elephants) 1.1.4 Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs) 1.1.5 Order: Primates 1.1.6 Order: Rodentia (rodents) 1.1.7 Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs) 1.1.8 Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures) 1.1.9 Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and soledons) 1.1.10 Order: Chiroptera (bats) 1.1.11 Order: Pholidota (pangolins) 1.1.12 Order: Cetacea (whales) 1.1.13 Order: Carnivora (carnivorans) 1.1.14 Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates) 2 Notes 3 References 4 See also Subclass: Theria Infraclass: Eutheria Order: Tubulidentata (aardvarks) Aardvark The order Tubulidentata consists of a single species, the Aardvark. Tubulidentata are characterised by their teeth which lack a pulp cavity and form thin tubes which are continuously worn down and replaced. Family: Orycteropodidae Genus: Orycteropus Aardvark Orycteropus afer LC Order: Hyracoidea (hyraxes) The hyraxes are any of four species of fairly small, thickset, herbivorous mammals in the order Hyracoidea. About the size of a domestic cat they are well-furred, with rounded bodies and a stmpy tail. They are native to Africa and the Middle East. Family: Procaviidae (hylaxes) Genus: Dendrohyrax Western Tree Hyrax Dendrohyrax dorsalis LC Order: Proboscidea (elephants) African Bush Elephant The elephants comprise three living species and are the largest living land animals. Family: Elephantidae (elephants) Genus: Loxodonta African Bush Elephant Loxodonta africana VU Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs) Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered. Family: Trichechidae Genus: Trichechus African Manatee Trichechus senegalensis VU Order: Primates Diana Monkey Guinea Baboon The order Primates contains all the species commonly related to the lemurs, monkeys, and apes, with the latter category including humans. It is divided informally into three main groupings: prosimians, monkeys of the New World, and monkeys and apes of the Old World. Suborder: Strepsirrhini Infraorder: Lorisiformes Family: Lorisidae (lorises, bushbabies) Genus: Perodicticus Potto Perodicticus potto LR/lc Family: Galagidae Genus: Galago Demidoff's Dwarf Galago Galago demidoff LR/lc Senegal Bushbaby Galago senegalensis LR/lc Suborder: Haplorrhini Infraorder: Simiiformes Parvorder: Catarrhini Superfamily: Cercopithecoidea Family: Cercopithecidae (Old World monkeys) Genus: Erythrocebus Patas Monkey Erythrocebus patas LR/lc Genus: Cercopithecus Chlorocebus Cercopithecus aethiops LR/lc Campbell's Guenon Cercopithecus campbelli LR/lc Diana Monkey Cercopithecus diana EN Lesser Spot-nosed Guenon Cercopithecus petaurista LR/lc Genus: Papio Olive Baboon Papio anubis LR/lc Guinea Baboon Papio papio LR/nt Genus: Cercocebus Sooty Mangabey Cercocebus atys LR/nt Collared Mangabey Cercocebus torquatus LR/nt Subfamily: Colobinae Genus: Colobus King Colobus Colobus polykomos LR/nt Genus: Procolobus Red colobus Procolobus badius EN Van Beneden's Colobus Procolobus verus LR/nt Superfamily: Hominoidea Family: Hominidae (humans) Subfamily: Homininae Tribe: Hominini Genus: Pan Common Chimpanzee Pan troglodytes EN Order: Rodentia (rodents) Rusty-bellied Brush-furred Mouse Typical Striped Grass Mouse Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40 percent of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be keep short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb). Suborder: Hystricomorpha Family: Hystricidae (Old World porcupines) Genus: Atherurus African Brush-tailed Porcupine Atherurus africanus LC Genus: Hystrix Crested Porcupine Hystrix cristata LC Suborder: Anomaluromorpha Family: Anomaluridae Subfamily: Anomalurinae Genus: Anomalurus Lord Derby's Scaly-tailed Squirrel Anomalurus derbianus LC Genus: Anomalurops Beecroft's Scaly-tailed Squirrel Anomalurops beecrofti LC Subfamily: Zenkerellinae Genus: Idiurus Long-eared Flying Mouse Idiurus macrotis LC Suborder Sciuromorpha Family: Sciuridae (squirrels) Subfamily: Xerinae Tribe: Xerini Genus: Xerus Striped Ground Squirrel Xerus erythropus LC Tribe: Protoxerini Genus: Epixerus Western Palm Squirrel Epixerus ebii DD Genus: Funisciurus Fire-footed Rope Squirrel Funisciurus pyrropus LC Genus: Heliosciurus Gambian Sun Squirrel Heliosciurus gambianus LC Small Sun Squirrel Heliosciurus punctatus DD Red-legged Sun Squirrel Heliosciurus rufobrachium LC Genus: Paraxerus Green Bush Squirrel Paraxerus poensis LC Genus: Protoxerus Slender-tailed Squirrel Protoxerus aubinnii DD Forest Giant Squirrel Protoxerus stangeri LC Family: Gliridae (dormice) Subfamily: Graphiurinae Genus: Graphiurus Jentink's Dormouse Graphiurus crassicaudatus DD Lorrain Dormouse Graphiurus lorraineus LC Graphiurus nagtglasii LC Suborder Myomorpha Family: Nesomyidae Subfamily: Cricetomyinae Genus: Cricetomys Cricetomys emini LC Family: Muridae (mice, rats, gerbils, etc.) Subfamily: Deomyinae Genus: Lophuromys Rusty-bellied Brush-furred Rat Lophuromys sikapusi LC Genus: Uranomys Rudd's Mouse Uranomys ruddi LC Subfamily: Gerbillinae Genus: Gerbilliscus Guinea Gerbil Gerbilliscus guineae LC Kemp's Gerbil Gerbilliscus kempi LC Subfamily: Murinae Genus: Arvicanthis African Grass Rat Arvicanthis niloticus LC Guinean Arvicanthis Arvicanthis rufinus LC Genus: Dasymys West African Shaggy Rat Dasymys rufulus LC Genus: Dephomys Defua Rat Dephomys defua LC Genus: Grammomys Bunting's Thicket Rat Grammomys buntingi DD Genus: Hybomys Miller's Striped Mouse Hybomys planifrons LC West African Hybomys Hybomys trivirgatus LC Genus: Hylomyscus Allen's Wood Mouse Hylomyscus alleni LC Baer's Wood Mouse Hylomyscus baeri EN Genus: Lemniscomys Bellier's Lemniscomys Lemniscomys bellieri LC Typical Striped Grass Mouse Lemniscomys striatus LC Genus: Malacomys Edward's Swamp Rat Malacomys edwardsi LC Genus: Mastomys Guinea Multimammate Mouse Mastomys erythroleucus LC Natal Multimammate Mouse Mastomys natalensis LC Genus: Mus Baoule's Mouse Mus baoulei LC African Pygmy Mouse Mus minutoides LC Peter's Mouse Mus setulosus LC Genus: Oenomys Ghana Rufous-nosed Rat Oenomys ornatus DD Genus: Praomys Dalton's Praomys Praomys daltoni LC Tullberg's Soft-furred Mouse Praomys tullbergi LC Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs) The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two. Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares) Genus: Lepus African Savanna Hare Lepus microtis LR/lc Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures) The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats. Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs) Subfamily: Erinaceinae Genus: Atelerix Four-toed Hedgehog Atelerix albiventris LR/lc Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and soledons) The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mmmals. The shrews and soledons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout bodied burrowers. Family: Soricidae (shrews) Subfamily: Crocidurinae Genus: Crocidura Buettikofer's Shrew Crocidura buettikoferi LC Crosse's Shrew Crocidura crossei LC Dent's Shrew Crocidura denti LC Tiny Musk Shrew Crocidura fuscomurina LC Lamotte's Shrew Crocidura lamottei LC Mauritanian Shrew Crocidura lusitania LC Mouse-tailed Shrew Crocidura muricauda LC Nimba Shrew Crocidura nimbae VU Obscure White-toothed Shrew Crocidura obscurior LC Olivier's Shrew Crocidura olivieri LC Fraser's Musk Shrew Crocidura poensis LC Therese's Shrew Crocidura theresae LC Genus: Sylvisorex Climbing Shrew Sylvisorex megalura LC Order: Chiroptera (bats) Egyptian fruit bat The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals in the world naturally capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals. Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats) Subfamily: Pteropodinae Genus: Eidolon Straw-coloured Fruit Bat Eidolon helvum LC Genus: Epomophorus Gambian Epauletted Fruit Bat Epomophorus gambianus LC Genus: Epomops Buettikofer's Epauletted Fruit Bat Epomops buettikoferi LC Genus: Hypsignathus Hammer-headed bat Hypsignathus monstrosus LC Genus: Lissonycteris Smith's Fruit Bat Lissonycteris smithi LC Genus: Micropteropus Peter's Dwarf Epauletted Fruit Bat Micropteropus pusillus LC Genus: Myonycteris Little Collared Fruit Bat Myonycteris torquata LC Genus: Nanonycteris Veldkamp's Bat Nanonycteris veldkampi LC Genus: Rousettus Egyptian fruit bat Rousettus aegyptiacus LC Subfamily: Macroglossinae Genus: Megaloglossus Woermann's Fruit Bat Megaloglossus woermanni LC Family: Vespertilionidae Subfamily: Myotinae Genus: Myotis Rufous Mouse-eared Bat Myotis bocagii LC Subfamily: Vespertilioninae Genus: Glauconycteris Abo Bat Glauconycteris poensis LC Genus: Mimetillus Moloney's Flat-headed Bat Mimetillus moloneyi LC Genus: Neoromicia Dark-brown Serotine Neoromicia brunneus NT Cape Serotine Neoromicia capensis LC Banana Pipistrelle Neoromicia nanus LC Rendall's Serotine Neoromicia rendalli LC Somali Serotine Neoromicia somalicus LC White-winged Serotine Neoromicia tenuipinnis LC Genus: Pipistrellus Aellen's Pipistrelle Pipistrellus inexspectatus DD Tiny Pipistrelle Pipistrellus nanulus LC Genus: Scotoecus Light-winged Lesser House Bat Scotoecus albofuscus DD Dark-winged Lesser House Bat Scotoecus hirundo DD Genus: Scotophilus African Yellow Bat Scotophilus dinganii LC White-bellied Yellow Bat Scotophilus leucogaster LC Nut-colored Yellow Bat Scotophilus nux LC Subfamily: Miniopterinae Genus: Miniopterus Schreiber's Long-fingered Bat Miniopterus schreibersii LC Family: Molossidae Genus: Chaerephon Gland-tailed Free-tailed Bat Chaerephon bemmeleni LC Little Free-tailed Bat Chaerephon pumila LC Genus: Mops Sierra Leone Free-tailed Bat Mops brachypterus LC Angolan Free-tailed Bat Mops condylurus LC Dwarf Free-tailed Bat Mops nanulus LC Spurrell's Free-tailed Bat Mops spurrelli LC Railer Bat Mops thersites LC Family: Emballonuridae Genus: Taphozous Mauritian Tomb Bat Taphozous mauritianus LC Family: Nycteridae Genus: Nycteris Bate's Slit-Faced Bat Nycteris arge LC Gambian Slit-faced Bat Nycteris gambiensis LC Large Slit-Faced Bat Nycteris grandis LC Hairy Slit-Faced Bat Nycteris hispida LC Large-Eared Slit-Faced Bat Nycteris macrotis LC Egyptian Slit-Faced Bat Nycteris thebaica LC Family: Megadermatidae Genus: Lavia Yellow-winged bat Lavia frons LC Family: Rhinolophidae Subfamily: Rhinolophinae Genus: Rhinolophus Halcyon Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus alcyone LC RÜppell's Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus fumigatus LC Guinean Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus guineensis VU Lander's Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus landeri LC Subfamily: Hipposiderinae Genus: Hipposideros Aba Roundleaf Bat Hipposideros abae NT Benito Roundleaf Bat Hipposideros beatus LC Sundevall's Roundleaf Bat Hipposideros caffer LC Cyclops Roundleaf Bat Hipposideros cyclops LC Sooty Roundleaf Bat Hipposideros fuliginosus NT Hipposideros gigas LC Jones's Roundleaf Bat Hipposideros jonesi NT Noack's Roundleaf Bat Hipposideros ruber LC Order: Pholidota (pangolins) Giant Pangolin The order Philodota comprises the eight species of pangolin. Pangolins are anteaters and have the powerful claws, elongated snout and long tongue seen in the other unrelated anteater species. Family: Manidae Genus: Manis Giant Pangolin Manis gigantea LR/lc Long-tailed Pangolin Manis tetradactyla LR/lc Tree Pangolin Manis tricuspis LR/lc Order: Cetacea (whales) The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater. Suborder: Odontoceti Superfamily: Platanistoidea Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins) Genus: Sousa Humpback dolphin Sousa teuszii DD Genus: Stenella Clymene Dolphin Stenella clymene DD Genus: Lagenodelphis Fraser's Dolphin Lagenodelphis hosei DD Genus: Feresa Pygmy Killer Whale Feresa attenuata DD Order: Carnivora (carnivorans) Lion There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition. Suborder: Feliformia Family: Felidae (cats) Subfamily: Felinae Genus: Felis Wildcat Felis silvestris LC Genus: Leptailurus Serval Leptailurus serval LC Genus: Profelis African Golden Cat Profelis aurata VU Subfamily: Pantherinae Genus: Panthera Lion Panthera leo VU Leopard Panthera pardus LC Family: Viverridae (civets, mongooses, etc.) Subfamily: Viverrinae Genus: Civettictis African Civet Civettictis civetta LR/lc Genus: Genetta Rusty-spotted Genet Genetta maculata LR/lc Haussa Genet Genetta thierryi LR/lc Genus: Poiana Leighton's Linsang Poiana leightoni DD Family: Nandiniidae Genus: Nandinia African Palm Civet Nandinia binotata LR/lc Family: Herpestidae (mongooses) Genus: Atilax Marsh Mongoose Atilax paludinosus LR/lc Genus: Crossarchus Common Kusimanse Crossarchus obscurus LR/lc Genus: Galerella Slender Mongoose Galerella sanguinea LR/lc Genus: Herpestes Egyptian Mongoose Herpestes ichneumon LR/lc Genus: Ichneumia White-tailed Mongoose Ichneumia albicauda LR/lc Genus: Mungos Gambian Mongoose Mungos gambianus DD Family: Hyaenidae (hyaenas) Genus: Crocuta Spotted Hyena Crocuta crocuta LR/cd Suborder: Caniformia Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes) Genus: Canis Side-striped Jackal Canis adustus LC Genus: Lycaon African Wild Dog Lycaon pictus EN Family: Mustelidae (mustelids) Genus: Ictonyx Striped Polecat Ictonyx striatus LR/lc Genus: Mellivora Ratel Mellivora capensis LR/lc Genus: Lutra Speckle-throated Otter Lutra maculicollis LC Genus: Aonyx African Clawless Otter Aonyx capensis LC Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates) Bushbuck Yellow-backed Duiker Kob The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans. Family: Suidae (pigs) Subfamily: Phacochoerinae Genus: Phacochoerus Warthog Phacochoerus africanus LR/lc Subfamily: Suinae Genus: Hylochoerus Giant forest hog Hylochoerus meinertzhageni LR/lc Family: Hippopotamidae (hippopotamuses) Genus: Choeropsis Pygmy Hippopotamus Choeropsis liberiensis EN Genus: Hippopotamus Hippopotamus Hippopotamus amphibius VU Family: Tragulidae Genus: Hyemoschus Hyemoschus aquaticus DD Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats) Subfamily: Antilopinae Genus: Neotragus Royal Antelope Neotragus pygmaeus LR/nt Genus: Ourebia Oribi Ourebia ourebi LR/cd Subfamily: Bovinae Genus: Syncerus African Buffalo Syncerus caffer LR/cd Genus: Tragelaphus Bongo (antelope) Tragelaphus eurycerus LR/nt Bushbuck Tragelaphus scriptus LR/lc Subfamily: Cephalophinae Genus: Cephalophus Bay Duiker Cephalophus dorsalis LR/nt Jentink's Duiker Cephalophus jentinki VU Maxwell's Duiker Cephalophus maxwellii LR/nt Blue Duiker Cephalophus monticola LR/lc Black Duiker Cephalophus niger LR/nt Ogilby's Duiker Cephalophus ogilbyi LR/nt Red-flanked Duiker Cephalophus rufilatus LR/cd Yellow-backed Duiker Cephalophus silvicultor LR/nt Zebra Duiker Cephalophus zebra VU Genus: Sylvicapra Common Duiker Sylvicapra grimmia LR/lc Subfamily: Reduncinae Genus: Kobus Waterbuck Kobus ellipsiprymnus LR/cd Kob Kobus kob LR/cd Notes ^ This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institute, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available. References "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Mammals of Sierra Leone". IUCN. 2001. http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/search.php?kingname=ANIMALIA&phyname=CHORDATA&claname=MAMMALIA&freetext=&modifier=phrase&criteria=wholedb&taxa_species=1&redlistCategory%5B0%5D=all&redlistAssessyear%5B0%5D=all&country%5B0%5D=SL&aquatic%5B0%5D=all&regions%5B0%5D=all&habitats%5B0%5D=all&threats%5B0%5D=all&Submit_x=34&Submit_y=9&extendedResults=0&terrestrial=0&marine=0&freshwater=0&offset=0&sortorder%5B0%5D=spcscientificname&sortorder%5B1%5D=genname&sortorder%5B2%5D=spcname&sortorder%5B3%5D=spcauthor&sortorder%5B4%5D=spcinfrarank&sortorder%5B5%5D=spcinfraepithet&sortorder%5B6%5D=spcinfrarankauthor&sortorder%5B7%5D=spcstockname&sortorder%5B8%5D=comname_comp&sortorder%5B9%5D=rlcabb&sortorder%5B10%5D=rlscriteria&sortorder%5B11%5D=poptrend_code&sortorder%5B12%5D=rlcatcrit2001&sortorder%5B13%5D=spcrecid&sortorder%5B14%5D=kingname&debug=0&taxa_subspc=0&taxa_stock=0&newsort=Genus. Retrieved 22 May 2007. [dead link] "Mammal Species of the World". Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. 2005. Archived from the original on 27 April 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070427043030/http://nmnhgoph.si.edu/msw/. Retrieved 22 May 2007.  "Animal Diversity Web". University of Michigan Museum of Zoology. 1995-2006. http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/index.html. Retrieved 22 May 2007.  See also List of chordate orders List of regional mammals lists List of prehistoric mammals Mammal classification New mammal species v · d · eList of mammals of Africa Sovereign states Algeria · Angola · Benin · Botswana · Burkina Faso · Burundi · Cameroon · Cape Verde · Central African Republic · Chad · Comoros · Democratic Republic of the Congo · Republic of the Congo · Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast) · Djibouti · Egypt · Equatorial Guinea · Eritrea · Ethiopia · Gabon · The Gambia · Ghana · Guinea · Guinea-Bissau · Kenya · Lesotho · Liberia · Libya · Madagascar · Malawi · Mali · Mauritania · Mauritius · Morocco · Mozambique · Namibia · Niger · Nigeria · Rwanda · São Tomé and Príncipe · Senegal · Seychelles · Sierra Leone · Somalia · South Africa · Sudan · Swaziland · Tanzania · Togo · Tunisia · Uganda · Zambia · Zimbabwe States with limited recognition Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic · Somaliland Dependencies and other territories Canary Islands / Ceuta / Melilla / Plazas de soberanía (Spain) · Madeira (Portugal) · Mayotte / Réunion (France) · Saint Helena / Ascension Island / Tristan da Cunha (United Kingdom) · Western Sahara