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Energy in Italy describes energy and electricity production, consumption and import in Italy. Energy policy of Italy will describe more in detail the politics of Italy related to energy. Electricity sector in Italy is the main article of electricity in Italy. Italy is a member of European Union. In 2009 Italy was among the top natural gas (4.) and coal (9.) importers. In 2008 Italy was among the top (7.) crude oil importers 88 Mt. The net oil import was 73 Mt, since oil products was exported 15 Mt.[1] Contents 1 Overview 2 Electricity 3 Business 4 Emmissions 5 See also 6 References Overview Energy in Italy[2][3][4] Capita Prim. energy Production Import Electricity CO2-emission Million TWh TWh TWh TWh Mt 2004 58.1 2,145 351 1,837 328 462 2007 59.3 2,072 307 1,837 339 438 2008 59.9 2,047 313 1,810 339 430 Change 2004-2008 3.0 % -4.6 % -10.6 % -1.5 % 3.2 % -7.0 % Mtoe = 11.63 TWh, Prim. energy includes energy losses Electricity Main article: Electricity sector in Italy In 2008 Italy consumed electricity in 6,054 kWh/person. EU15 average was 7,409 kWh/person. In 2009 consumption was divided by power source: 13.5 % import, 65.8 % fossil electricity and 20.7 % renewable electricity.[5] Import of electricity was high in 2008: 40 TWh.[6] Italy has no nuclear power. Geothermal energy is used. Italy has significantly higher solar and wind power potential than utilized in 2010. Business Eni is a major Italian oil and gas company. Enel is a major Italian power company. Emmissions According to Energy Information Administration, the 2009 Italian CO2 emissions from energy consumption were 408 Mt, slightly below Indonesia 413 Mt. Worldwide, Italy was ranked 17th in 2009 according to this list. The Italian emissions decline of 9 % in 2008-2009 was rather influenced by the European economic recession 2008-2009 than large sustainable changes in energy consumption. From 2008 to 2009 % change was in Europe 6.9 % decline and in Asia & Oceania 7.5 increase.[7] Some people argue[who?] that more relevant are the emissions of consumption rather than production. Many European companies have moved production from Europe to Asia the last ten years, which does not necessarily change the overall emissions of the world or the company. According to the Guardian, the most widely cited international dataset for consumption emissions is from year 2001 including the consumption emissions per capita of all greenhouse gases.[8] Italy’s footprint in 2001 was 12 ton CO2 per person (rank no 21)[9] Italy’s domestic share of greenhouse gas emissions was 62 %.[10] See also Economy of Italy#Energy and natural resources References ^ IEA Key energy statistics 2010 Page:11, 13, 15, 21, 23 ^ IEA Key energy statistics 2010 Page: Country specific indicator numbers from page 48 ^ Key world energy statistics 2009 ^ Key world energy statistics 2006 ^ Energy in Sweden 2010, The Swedish Energy Agency, Table 49 ^ IEA Key energy statistics 2010 Page: 27 ^ World carbon dioxide emissions data by country: China speeds ahead of the rest Guardian 31 January 2011 ^ Which nations are most responsible for climate change? Guardian 21 April 2011 ^ Carbon foot print of nations ^ Carbon Footprint of Nations: A Global, Trade-Linked Analysis Environ. Sci. Technol. 2009, 43, 6414–6420 v · d · eEnergy in Europe Albania · Andorra · Armenia2 · Austria · Azerbaijan1 · Belarus · Belgium · Bosnia and Herzegovina · Bulgaria · Croatia · Cyprus2 · Czech Republic · Denmark3 · Estonia · Finland · France1 · Georgia1 · Germany · Greece  · Hungary · Iceland · Ireland · Italy1 · Kazakhstan1 · Kosovo5 · Latvia · Liechtenstein · Lithuania · Luxembourg · Macedonia4 · Malta · Moldova · Monaco · Montenegro · Netherlands3 · Norway3 · Poland · Portugal3 · Romania · Russia1 · San Marino · Serbia · Slovakia · Slovenia · Spain1 · Sweden · Switzerland · Turkey1 · Ukraine · United Kingdom3 · Vatican City 1 Has part of its territory outside Europe.  2 Entirely in West Asia but having socio-political connections with Europe.  3 Has dependencies or similar territories outside Europe. 4 Name disputed by Greece; see Macedonia naming dispute. 5 Declared independence from Serbia on February 17, 2008 and is recognised by 46 Member states of the United Nations.