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(December 2009) Netherlands This article is part of the series: Politics and government of the Netherlands Kingdom Council of Ministers Minister Plenipotentiary of Aruba Minister Plenipotentiary of Curaçao Minister Plenipotentiary of Sint Maarten Constitution Charter Constitution Wet Algemene Bepalingen Human Rights Monarchy Queen Beatrix Prince Willem-Alexander (heir apparent) States-General Senate Historic composition House of Representatives Current composition Historic composition Committees Cabinet Cabinet list current Prime Minister list current Political parties Liberal Socialist Christian Democratic Elections 2010 general 2010 municipal 2009 European 2007 provincial 2006 general 2006 municipal 2005 referendum Decentralized gov't Provincial politics in the Netherlands Water boards Municipal politics in the Netherlands BES islands Foreign policy Politics of the European Union Foreign relations Missions to the Netherlands Missions of the Netherlands Related subjects High Councils of State National Ombudsman Council of State Court of Audit Social Economic Council Supreme Court Dutch Central Bank Contemporary history Politicians Other countries · Atlas Politics portal view · talk · edit The Farmers' Party (in Dutch: Boerenpartij, BP) was a Dutch agrarian political party, with a strong conservative outlook and a populist appeal. The BP was the first anti-establishment party elected into the Dutch House of Representatives after the Second World War. Contents 1 History 1.1 Foundation 1.2 1963-1981 1.3 Dissolution 2 Ideology 3 Support & Leadership 3.1 Municipal and Provincial Government 4 Electorate 5 International Comparison History Foundation The precise foundation date of the BP is not known. In 1958 in several Gelderland municipalities "Free Farmers" lists contested in municipal elections. In 1959 the Farmers' Party officially applied at the Kiesraad to participate in the 1959 elections, although the party was unable to win a seat. The founder of the party was Hendrik Koekoek, the chair and founder of the Association for Freedom for Agricultural Business, also known as the "Free Farmers". The organization resisted increasing government intervention and the institutionalization of farming. These also became important issues for the Farmers' Party. 1963-1981 In the elections of 1963 the Farmers' Party won three seats in the House of Representatives. The party had gained considerable attention when the police had forcibly seized farms whose owners had not paid their taxes. Koekoek, the party's leader, came from the same region and acted as spokesperson for these farmers. With its populist appeal the party had been able to get the support from farmers and non-farmers, even from urban areas. He headed the party's list and became the chairperson of the parliamentary party. In 1966 the party won two seats in the Senate. In parliament the Boerenpartij was troubled by internal struggles and splits. In 1966 it was revealed that one of the party's senators, Adams, had a national socialist background, and had been a member of the National Socialist Movement and the SS. Koekoek protected Adams against the allegations. In reaction to that Voogd, one of the party's MPs, left the party. Also a group of members from the party founded their own party, Emergency Council (Noodraad). Both Emergency Council and Farmers' Party participated in the 1967 elections, as did Voogd with his own list. Only the Farmers' party managed to secure representation with a total of seven seats, whilst both the Emergency Council and the List-Voogd ended up with no seats. In the next years Koekoek was (again) unable to keep his parliamentary party together. His authoritarian leadership caused four of the seven MPs to leave the party and to organize their own party, Right Allegiance (Binding Rechts). They were led by Harmsen, one of the founders of the Farmers' Party. One of these four MPs left his new party soon to work as an independent. In 1971 one of Koekoek's MPs also left his party, leaving only two MPs. 1972 election poster showing Koekoek In the 1971 elections Koekoek obtained only one seat, and Right Allegiance none. In the 1972 elections the party won two additional seats. In the 1977 elections the party lost those two seats again, leaving only Koekoek. Dissolution Before the elections of 1981 the BP was renamed to Rightwing People's Party (Rechtse Volkspartij, RVP) but they were unable to win a seat. Ideology The party's main issue was the increasing government interference and the institutionalization of farming. Yet it was more than single issue agrarian interest party. It saw itself as a conservative party which championed political and economic freedom in general, on basis of national and Christian values. It had a strong populist, anti-establishment appeal. Although some members had been active with fascist or national socialist organizations before 1945 the party rejected racism and fascism. The party had strong nationalist message: the party was in favour of the Dutch monarchy, opposed European integration, wanted a strong defense, and believed that law and order should be maintained. On economic matters the party was very conservative. It wanted to protect private property and encourage private initiative. It sought to reduce government influence on the economy and taxation. It felt that the welfare state should be reduced to a minimum, agricultural subsidies should be cut, and that the agricultural sector would be able to support itself if the government interfered less. Support & Leadership This table shows the BP's results in elections to the House of Representatives and Senate, as well as the party's political leadership: the fractievoorzitter, is the chair of the parliamentary party and the lijsttrekker is the party's top candidate in the general election, these posts are normally taken by the party's leader. Year HoR S Lijsttrekker Fractievoorzitter 1963 3 0 Hendrik Koekoek Hendrik Koekoek 1964 3 0 no elections Hendrik Koekoek 1965 3 0 no elections Hendrik Koekoek 1966 3 2 no elections Hendrik Koekoek 1967 7 2 Hendrik Koekoek Hendrik Koekoek 1968 3 2 no elections Hendrik Koekoek 1969 3 3 no elections Hendrik Koekoek 1970 3 3 no elections Hendrik Koekoek 1971 1 0 Hendrik Koekoek Hendrik Koekoek 1972 3 0 Hendrik Koekoek Hendrik Koekoek 1973 3 0 no elections Hendrik Koekoek 1974 3 1 no elections Hendrik Koekoek 1975 3 1 no elections Hendrik Koekoek 1976 3 1 no elections Hendrik Koekoek 1977 1 1 Hendrik Koekoek Hendrik Koekoek 1978 1 1 no elections Hendrik Koekoek 1979 1 1 no elections Hendrik Koekoek 1980 1 1 no elections Hendrik Koekoek Municipal and Provincial Government The party has been able to win several seats in provincial legislatures and in municipal councils. In several rural municipalities such as Apeldoorn the party was rather strong - Harmsen, one of the party's MPs, was a longterm alderman there. However especially in the period 1965-1970 the party also managed to win municipal council seats in urban municipalities such as Amsterdam, where they scored 9.4% (or 4 of 45 seats) in 1966. Electorate The party got most of its support from farmers and small business owners in rural areas. With its populist appeal the party had also been able to get support from small business owners in urban areas. In the 1963 elections the party got 6,000 votes from Amsterdam. International Comparison As a conservative farmers' party, the Farmers' Party is similar to Eastern European farmers' parties, like the Polish Peasant Party. The best comparison however can be made with the party of Pierre Poujade which was successful in the 1956 elections, but faded away afterwards. Like Poujade's party the Farmers' Party had a strong populist message which appealed to both farmers and small business. v · d · eDefunct political parties in the Netherlands Catholic General League · Roman Catholic People's Party · Roman-Catholic State Party · Catholic People's Party · Catholic National Party · Political Party of Radicals · Roman Catholic Party Netherlands Liberal Liberal Union · Radical League · Free-thinking Democratic League · League of Free Liberals · Liberal Party · Economic League · Middle Class Party · Neutral Party · Liberal State Party · Freedom Party Reformed Anti Revolutionary Party · Christian Historical Voters' League · Free Anti Revolutionary Party · Christian Historical Party · Frisian League · Christian Historical Union · League of Christian Socialists · Christian Democratic Party · Christian Social Party · Christian Democratic Union · Reformed Reformed State Party · Reformed Political Alliance · Reformatory Political Federation · Evangelical People's Party Socialist Social Democratic League · Social Democratic Workers' Party · Communist Party of the Netherlands · Socialist Party · Revolutionary Socialist Party · Pacifist Socialist Party · Democratic Socialists '70 Other Alliance for the Democratization of the Army · Peasants' League · Middle Party for City and Country · Alliance for National Reconstruction · National Socialist Movement · Farmers' Party · New Middle Party · Centre Party · Centre Democrats · Dutch Block · New National Party · New Right · National Alliance · General Elderly Alliance · Union 55+ · Livable Netherlands · Pim Fortuyn List